Geometric Theory,
A 2D image is made up from two axis, X and Y and a 3D image is made up of X and Y plus an extra one, Z. With the Z axis it allows you to create depth within the image which is how you made the shape three dimensional, it adds to the realism.
Geometric Theory uses shapes like polygons to create 3D models and objects depending on how you use the geometry. The more of these shapes you use within a 3D model makes the shape appear smoother that if you made it with less. Within the 3D software it allows you to place a material onto any of the faces of these shapes. This allows you to have complex shapes and have a interesting colour scheme.
There are three main contributions to the exterior of the model, Vertex, Edge and Face's. The Vertex is made up of points within a three dimensional space. When two of these vertices connect it becomes an edge. When three vertices connect it becomes a triangle, the simplest polygon. You can create more complex polygons by connecting multiple of these triangles together or by making a shape with more than three vertices connecting.
Vertices,
Vertex or Vertices are the points of a polygon, polyhedron, or other figure.
The corner points of the image above are known as the Vertices.
Curves,
Curves are created when a line/edge is bent in a direction.
This image is of a Bezier Curve. This is useful when wanting to create curves.
This image is what the Bezier Curve looks like when you increase the extrude and depth options. (Images Below)
Edge,
An Edge is created when two vertices and a line is connected together.
The image above shows you the edges of a object within Blender.
Polygons,
A Polygon is a shape. When three vertices connect it becomes a triangle, the simplest polygon. You can create more complex polygons by connecting multiple of these triangles together or by making a shape with more than three vertices connecting.
The image above shows you a polygon. When three vertices are connected, it creates a polygon.
Element,
A group of polygons which are connected to each other by shared vertices, is known as an element.
Faces,
A face is a flat surface that forms part of the boundary of a solid object.
The image above shows you a face of a cube.
Primitives,
Primitives are basic elements, such as lines, curves, and polygons, which you can combine to create more complex model.
This is a primitive shape. This is a basic cube.
Meshes,
Using the wireframe mesh allows visualisation of the underlying design of your 3D model.
The image above shows you the wireframe mode of a model of a cube.
Coordinate Geometry,
2D coordinates are the length and width of an object which are referred to as X and Y,
3D coordinates are the length, width and depth of an object which are referred to as X, Y and Z
UV Mapping,
UV Mapping is process of projecting a 2D image onto a 3D object. The letters "U" and "V" are the axes of the 2D image because "X", "Y" and "Z" are already used on the axes of the 3D object.
